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What is Edge Computing

Blog what is edge computingEdge computing refers to the practice of processing data near the source of data generation rather than relying on a centralised cloud-based system. In traditional computing architectures, data is typically sent to a centralised data centre or cloud for processing and analysis. However, edge computing brings the processing closer to the "edge" of the network, where data is generated, often in devices or sensors.

The goal of edge computing is to reduce latency, improve efficiency, and save bandwidth by processing data locally. This is particularly important in scenarios where real-time processing is crucial, such as in the Internet of Things (IoT), industrial automation, autonomous vehicles, and other applications that require low-latency and high-performance computing.

Key characteristics of edge computing include:

  • Low Latency: By processing data locally, edge computing reduces the time it takes for data to travel between the source and the processing centre, resulting in lower latency.
  • Bandwidth Efficiency: Edge computing helps in minimising the amount of data that needs to be transmitted to the centralised cloud, which can be especially beneficial in scenarios where bandwidth is limited or expensive.
  • Improved Reliability: Decentralising computing resources can enhance system reliability. If the central cloud is unreachable for any reason, edge devices can continue to operate independently.
  • Data Privacy and Security: Edge computing can address privacy and security concerns by keeping sensitive data closer to the source and reducing the need to transmit sensitive information over networks.
  • Scalability: Edge computing allows for a distributed and scalable architecture, making it easier to expand and adapt to changing requirements.

Edge computing can involve various devices such as edge servers, gateways, and edge devices like sensors, cameras, and other IoT devices. The combination of edge and cloud computing is often referred to as "fog computing," where data processing occurs at both the edge and centralised cloud levels.